Microchem
Microchemisches Experimentieren für Lehrer

....
21. Orbital-Modell eines Methan-Moleküls (sp3 Hybridisierung)
Left   Four methane molecules are modelled from their atoms by connecting 1 black plastic bead and 4 white ones:
         a  and b are space filling models,        c and d are modifications of a ball-and stick model.
     a was assembled by  welding the beads, b - d by threadening the beads on copper wire.
In the second method of assembling microbeads can be included as models of electrons or electron pairs.
In model c each of the bonding electrons of H is modelled by a golden microbead, the four of C by white ones.
In model d each of the 4 bonding pairs of electrons shared by H atoms and the C atom is modelled by a longer microbead.
Middle: Model of the tetrahedral arrangement in a sp3 hybridized C atom. (These four hybrid atomic orbitals are used to bond to the H atoms to form four equivalent C-H bonds).
Right: Methane model d is placed into a regular tetrahydron to visualize the tetrahydral shape of methane molecules.


Copyright: M.K.El-Marsafy              zuerst veröffentlicht: 29.11.2000                    letzte Veränderung:  11.03.2003  back